| 1 | Legal Identity and Business Registration | Confirm the supplier’s registered legal entity, operating address, tax information, ownership details, and authorized signatory. | Current business-registration extract, tax document, company-domain email, verifiable factory or office address, and signed quotation. | The legal name, address, bank-account holder, quotation, contract, and invoice should be consistent. | Requests for payment to an unrelated personal account, inconsistent legal names, or refusal to provide registration documents. |
| 2 | Quality Management Certification | Check whether the supplier operates a documented quality-management system and whether the certificate covers the relevant production site and activities. | A valid ISO 9001 certificate issued by an accredited certification body, including certificate scope, site address, issue date, and expiry date. | Verify the certificate directly through the issuing or accreditation body. Treat ISO 9001 as evidence of a management system, not as proof that every sapphire meets a specific grade. | Expired certificates, missing site scope, unverifiable certificate numbers, or claims that certification guarantees gemstone quality. |
| 3 | Gemstone Testing and Treatment Disclosure | Define whether the sapphire is natural, laboratory-grown, heated, diffusion-treated, filled, or otherwise treated. Specify acceptable treatment limits in the purchase contract. | Independent gemological report for representative or shipment samples, treatment declaration, stone measurements, weight, color description, and identification method. | Use an independent laboratory accredited to ISO/IEC 17025 where available, and require testing of high-value or disputed stones before final payment. | Vague terms such as “AAA” without a written grading standard, refusal to disclose treatment, or reports that do not match the shipped stones. |
| 4 | Production Capacity and Available Equipment | Assess monthly cutting, polishing, sorting, treatment-management, inspection, and packing capacity for the required sapphire specifications. | Capacity statement by process, equipment list, staffing plan, recent production records, sample batch, and evidence of incoming-material availability. | Capacity should be stated in measurable units such as pieces per month, carats per month, or approved lots per week, with assumptions clearly documented. | Only a trading address, capacity quoted without units, no backup equipment, or an unusually short lead time unsupported by a production plan. |
| 5 | Lead-Time and Delivery Performance | Separate sample lead time, production lead time, inspection time, export documentation time, and international transit time. | Purchase-order history with dates, production schedule, agreed Incoterms, packing list, commercial invoice, and shipment tracking records with confidential information removed. | Calculate on-time delivery as: orders delivered on or before the agreed date ÷ total orders × 100. Set the target in the contract according to your supply risk. | Repeated date changes, unclear responsibility for customs clearance, or promises based only on transit time rather than completed production. |
| 6 | Traceability, Ethical Sourcing, and Compliance | Review the origin and chain of custody of rough or finished stones, labor practices, environmental controls, sanctions exposure, and import requirements in the destination market. | Supplier code of conduct, source declarations, purchase records, shipment documents, audit reports, risk-assessment procedures, and corrective-action records. | Require lot-level records and written compliance responsibilities. Check applicable customs, product-labeling, anti-money-laundering, and forced-labor rules before shipment. | No traceability beyond a verbal origin claim, altered documents, unexplained price changes, or resistance to reasonable compliance checks. |
| 7 | Pre-Shipment Inspection and Contract Protection | Define measurable specifications for color, clarity, cut, dimensions, carat weight, treatment, tolerances, packaging, sampling, claims, replacement, and refund procedures. | Approved sample, technical specification sheet, inspection checklist, independent pre-shipment inspection report, signed purchase contract, and dispute-resolution clause. | Use an agreed sampling plan, retain reference samples or photographs, and link final payment to inspection or documented acceptance. | “As per sample” with no measurable tolerances, no remedy for nonconforming goods, or pressure to release full payment before verification. |